Computer base and base conversion
Multiple bases of the computer:
Today, I'd like to share the conversion between binary, decimal and hexadecimal. It's full of dry goods.

First of all, I'll give you a brief introduction to the common hexadecimal systems in the computer field: binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal.
Binary:
Every two into one, there are only 0 and 1 in the number.
Where S represents one digit, k is the position of the digit, and the base is 2.
octal number system:
Every eight into one, the number contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
Where S represents a number, k is the position of the number, and the base number is 8.
decimal system:
Every decimal one, the number contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, where S represents 1 number, k is the position of the number, and the base is 10.
Where S represents a number, k is the position of the number, and the base number is 10.
hexadecimal:
Every 16 into one, because 10-15 with 16 as the base cannot be represented by A single number, it is replaced by English letters. 10 is represented by A, 11 by B, 12 by C, 13 by D and 14 by F. So hex contains: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A,B,C,D,F.

After we have a simple understanding of various hexadecimals, the problem of how to convert them to each other has emerged. Next, we use c language code to realize the conversion between them one by one. There are 12 mutual transformations between them. (four common ones are divided here)
Code implementation (body):
Binary to decimal:
The calculation method is to multiply the N-power of 2 from right to left, n starts from zero, and the ^ symbol represents the power.
For example: 111 (omitting the previous 0), its decimal expression is 22 + 21 + 2 ^ 0 = 7
We only need to find the symbol '1' in the array arr and calculate the power of 2 according to its position. The symbol '0' does not need to be found and does not participate in the calculation.
Code implementation:
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> int main() { char arr[1001];//Create an array char arr[1001] to receive the number of hexadecimals to be converted. (note that it is an array of char type) while (gets(arr) != NULL) { int len, i, sum = 0, num, j;//Initialize variables. num is the value of each bit, and sum is the last sum of each bit. len = strlen(arr);//len is the length of the input character array. for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { num = 1; if (arr[i] == '1')//If the bit is 1, then the power operation is performed. If it is 0, then it doesn't matter (0 doesn't participate in the calculation) { for (j = 1; j <= len - i - 1; j++)//j is the number of powers of 2 on each bit. { num = num * 2; } sum = sum + num;//sum is the last decimal value. } } printf("%d\n", sum); } return 0; }
Decimal to binary:
Decimal to binary is the inverse process of binary to decimal.
Take 10 as an example.
10 / 2 = 5 (remainder is 0)
5 / 2 = 2 (the remainder is 1)
2 / 2 = 1 (remainder is 0)
1 / 2 = 0 (the remainder is 1) ends.
So the final 1010 is the binary expression of 10.
Code implementation:
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> int main() { int n = 0; scanf("%d", &n);//Get a decimal number int i = 0; int arr[32];//Binary is represented by an integer array while (n)//The calculation can continue as long as n is not 0 { i++; arr[i] = n % 2;//Assign a value to each bit of the array n = n / 2;//One bit is automatically eliminated after assignment } for (int j = i; j > 0; j--) { printf("%d", arr[j]); } return 0; }
Hex to decimal
Multiply by the n-th power of 16 from right to left, and N starts from zero.
Example: 32
3x161+2x160=50
Code implementation:
#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<string.h> #Include < math. H > / / don't forget to reference this library int main() { char a[20];//Enter hexadecimal number int b[20] = { 0 };//Convert hexadecimal number to int type int i, j, sum=0;//Don't forget to initialize the sum here. int c = 0;//Final decimal number gets(a); //Convert it from char type to int type and store it in array b []. while (a[sum] != '\0') { if ((a[sum] >= 'a') && (a[sum] <= 'f')) { b[sum] = a[sum] - 'a' + 10; sum++; continue; } if ((a[sum] >= 'A') && (a[sum] <= 'F')) { b[sum] = a[sum] - 'A' + 10; sum++; continue; } b[sum] = a[sum] - '0'; sum++; } //Convert each bit to hexadecimal for(i = 0; i < sum; i++)Decimal to hexadecimal and hexadecimal to decimal are reciprocal { b[sum - 1 - i] = b[sum - 1 - i] * pow(16, i); } //Direct accumulation for (j = 0;j<sum;j++) { c = c + b[j]; } printf("%d", c); return 0; }
Decimal to hexadecimal
Decimal to hexadecimal and hexadecimal to decimal are reciprocal
For example: 50
50 / 16 = 3 (the remainder is 2)
3 / 16 = 0 (the remainder is 3)
So its decimal system is 32
Code implementation:
#include<stdio.h> int main() { int a = 0; int arr[32] = { 0 };//Put the converted hexadecimal number into the array arr. int y = 0; scanf("%d", &a);//Gets a decimal number while (a != 0) { y++; arr[y] = a % 16; a = a / 16; if (arr[y] > 9) { arr[y] = 'A' + (arr[y] - 10); } else { arr[y] = '0' + arr[y]; } } for (int i = y; i > 0; i--) { printf("%c", arr[i]); } return 0; } //The hexadecimal number stored in the array is reversed. When printing, you can directly print it backwards. What you print out is the hexadecimal number. //It is the same as the decimal to binary conversion above.
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