In python, different exceptions can be identified by different types (python unifies classes and categories, and types are classes). An exception identifies an error.
1. Common syntax errors
AttributeError Trying to access a property that an object does not have, such as foo.x，however foo No attributes x
IOError input/Abnormal output; Basically, you can't open the file
ImportError Unable to import module or package; It's basically a path problem or a wrong name
IndentationError Syntax error (subclass of); The code is not aligned correctly
IndexError The subscript index exceeds the sequence boundary, such as when x There are only three elements, but you try to access them x[5]
KeyError An attempt was made to access a key that does not exist in the dictionary
KeyboardInterrupt Ctrl+C Pressed
NameError Use a variable that has not been assigned to an object
SyntaxError Python Illegal code, code cannot be compiled(Personally, I think it's a grammatical mistake (wrong writing)
TypeError The incoming object type does not match the required
UnboundLocalError An attempt to access a local variable that has not been set is basically due to another
A global variable with the same name causes you to think you are accessing it
ValueError Pass in a value that the caller does not expect, even if the value type is correct
2. More errors
ArithmeticError AssertionError AttributeError BaseException BufferError BytesWarning DeprecationWarning EnvironmentError EOFError Exception FloatingPointError FutureWarning GeneratorExit ImportError ImportWarning IndentationError IndexError IOError KeyboardInterrupt KeyError LookupError MemoryError NameError NotImplementedError OSError OverflowError PendingDeprecationWarning ReferenceError RuntimeError RuntimeWarning StandardError StopIteration SyntaxError SyntaxWarning SystemError SystemExit TabError TypeError UnboundLocalError UnicodeDecodeError UnicodeEncodeError UnicodeError UnicodeTranslateError UnicodeWarning UserWarning ValueError Warning ZeroDivisionError
3. All standard exception classes in Python
| Exception name | describe |
|---|---|
| BaseException | Base class for all exceptions |
| SystemExit | Interpreter requests exit |
| KeyboardInterrupt | User interrupts execution (usually enter ^ C) |
| Exception | Base class for general errors |
| StopIteration | The iterator has no more values |
| GeneratorExit | An exception occurred in the generator to notify it to exit |
| SystemExit | Python interpreter requests exit |
| StandardError | Base class for all built-in standard exceptions |
| ArithmeticError | Base class for all numeric errors |
| FloatingPointError | Floating point calculation error |
| OverflowError | The numeric operation exceeds the maximum limit |
| ZeroDivisionError | Divide (or modulo) zero (all data types) |
| AssertionError | Assertion statement failed |
| AttributeError | Object does not have this property |
| EOFError | No built-in input, EOF flag reached |
| EnvironmentError | Base class for operating system error |
| IOError | Input / output operation failed |
| OSError | Operating system error |
| WindowsError | system call filed |
| ImportError | Failed to import module / object |
| KeyboardInterrupt | User interrupts execution (usually enter ^ C) |
| LookupError | Base class for invalid data query |
| IndexError | This index does not exist in the sequence |
| KeyError | This key is not in the map |
| MemoryError | Memory overflow error (not fatal for Python interpreter) |
| NameError | Object not declared / initialized (no properties) |
| UnboundLocalError | Accessing uninitialized local variables |
| ReferenceError | A weak reference attempts to access an object that has been garbage collected |
| RuntimeError | General runtime error |
| NotImplementedError | Methods not yet implemented |
| SyntaxError | Python syntax error |
| IndentationError | Indent error |
| TabError | Mixing tabs and spaces |
| SystemError | General interpreter system error |
| TypeError | Invalid operation for type |
| ValueError | Invalid parameter passed in |
| UnicodeError | Unicode related errors |
| UnicodeDecodeError | Error in Unicode decoding |
| UnicodeEncodeError | Error encoding Unicode |
| UnicodeTranslateError | Error converting Unicode |
| Warning | Warning base class |
| DeprecationWarning | Warning about deprecated features |
| FutureWarning | Warning about future semantic changes in constructs |
| OverflowWarning | Old warning about automatically promoting to long |
| PendingDeprecationWarning | Warning that features will be discarded |
| RuntimeWarning | Warning of suspicious runtime behavior |
| SyntaxWarning | Warning of suspicious syntax |
| UserWarning | Warnings generated by user code |
Remember?
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Python basics tutorial recommendation : click the blue text on the left to see it!
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