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Author: SRE operation and maintenance blog
Blog address: https://www.cnsre.cn/
Article address: https://www.cnsre.cn/posts/211105852095/
Related topics: https://www.cnsre.cn/tags/kvm/
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This article will introduce how to build a kvm environment in CentOS 7 environment and create virtual machines such as windows and linux.
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Preparation before installation
Verify that the CPU supports KVM
If there is vmx (Intel) or svm(AMD) in the result, it indicates that the CPU supports.
egrep '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
Close SELinux
Change SELinux=enforcing in / etc/sysconfig/selinux to SELinux=disabled
Install some of the most basic services
Optional, because I have just installed CentOS, so for the convenience of the following, first install some necessary tools
yum install epel-release net-tools vim unzip zip wget ftp -y
Install KVM and its dependencies
yum install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils -y
Verify installation results
The following figure shows that the has been successfully installed
lsmod | grep kvm
Turn on kvm service
And set it to start automatically
systemctl start libvirtd systemctl enable libvirtd
View status operation results
As shown in the figure below, it indicates that the operation is good
systemctl status libvirtd
systemctl is-enabled libvirtd
Configure bridge mode
First, back up a copy of the network card configuration file in the / etc / sysconfig / network scripts / directory
Create ifcfg-br0 file
The IP address of the created br0 file should be consistent with the IP address of the physical network card. If you command ipconfig to view the physical network card, the IP address will not be displayed
The contents are as follows:
[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0 DEVICE=br0 BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes ONBOOT=yes TYPE=Bridge IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPADDR=192.168.1.130 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.1.254 DNS1=221.6.4.66 DELAY=0 USERCE=no
Modify the original network card configuration
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno1s TYPE="Ethernet" PROXY_METHOD="none" BROWSER_ONLY="no" BOOTPROTO="static" DEFROUTE="yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="YES" IPV6INIT="yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy" NAME="eno1" UUID="bb40d726-8d67-4187-90c3-eb61e1b42d61" DEVICE="eno1" ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR="192.168.1.130" NETAMSK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY="192.168.1.254" DNS1="221.6.4.66" IPV6_PRIVACY="no" BRIDGE=br0
service network restart
systemctl restart network
Use ifconfig to verify the operation results. There is an additional network card br0. Now you can use 192.168.1.130 to access the host computer.
Installing virtual machines
Preparing the operating system installation image file
In this article, you will use CentOS 7.2, which is the same as the host environment, and put the file in the / home/iso directory
Mount U SB flash disk
[root@nkgtsv01 ~]# yum install fuse-ntfs-3g -y [root@nkgtsv01 ~]# ls /mnt/ udisk usb [root@nkgtsv01 ~]# ls /mnt/udisk/ CentOS-7.2-x86_64-DVD-1611.iso CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso maven_storey2.zip [root@bogon data]# mkdir -p /data/iso [root@bogon data]# ls iso kvm-bak network [root@nkgtsv01 ~]# mount -o loop /mnt/udisk/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso /data/iso/ mount: /dev/loop0 Write protected, will mount as read-only
Create a directory where virtual machine files are stored
mkdir -p /data/kvm-images
Creating virtual machines using virt install
virt-install --virt-type=kvm --name=njkvm07 --vcpus=4 --memory=6000 --location=/data/iso/CentOS-7-x86-64-DVD-1708.iso --disk path=/data/kvm-images/njkvm07.qcow2,size=200,format=qcow2 --network bridge=br0 --graphics none --extra-args='console=ttyS0' --force
After executing this command
Exclamation marks are to be selected
c save q exit b start installation
Select region time
If selected, c save
Auto return to main page
Select hard disk
Select Save to hard disk c
New installation C save
If selected, add IP address and host name
Enter enter
Add IP address
Select ipv4
Add IP address enter
Add netmask gateway C save
Add password
B start installation
installation is complete
The host is directly connected to the virtual machine
Wait for the virtual machine to restart. After the virtual machine starts, it will be ok to start it remotely.
Virt clone clone virtual machine
Clone a new virtual machine using virt clone
(virtual machine needs to be shut down first)
virt-clone -o njvm02 -n njvm03 -f /data/kvm-img/njvm03.img
After cloning, view all virtual machines and their status
virsh list --all
Delete virtual machine njvm01
virsh undefine njvm01 virsh destroy njvm01
{{< alert theme="warning" dir="ltr" >}}
⚠️ be careful
After you cancel the definition and delete, you need to find the virtual machine file path. The virtual machine files are also deleted
{{< /alert >}}
[root@nkgtsv01 data]# virsh shutdown njvm01 field njvm01 Closed [root@nkgtsv01 data]# virsh start njvm02 field njvm02 Started [root@nkgtsv01 data]# virsh list --all
{{< alert theme="warning" dir="ltr" >}}
⚠️ be careful
After cloning, because the IP address is still njvm01's IP address, we need to modify the IP address
{{< /alert >}}
Turn on the virtual machine we cloned
Remote login
[root@nkgtsv-vm01 ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ [root@nkgtsv-vm01 network-scripts]# ls ifcfg-eth0 ifdown-ppp ifup-eth ifup-sit ifcfg-lo ifdown-routes ifup-ippp ifup-Team ifdown ifdown-sit ifup-ipv6 ifup-TeamPort ifdown-bnep ifdown-Team ifup-isdn ifup-tunnel ifdown-eth ifdown-TeamPort ifup-plip ifup-wireless ifdown-ippp ifdown-tunnel ifup-plusb init.ipv6-global ifdown-ipv6 ifup ifup-post network-functions ifdown-isdn ifup-aliases ifup-ppp network-functions-ipv6 ifdown-post ifup-bnep ifup-routes [root@nkgtsv-vm01 network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-eth0
Change IPADDR=192.168.1.121 to the IP address we want
Save exit
Service network restart
Restart the network
re-link
Reference documents:
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux...
http://blog.csdn.net/u0114142...
https://www.cnblogs.com/52013...
http://blog.51cto.com/7834466...
https://www.cnblogs.com/Yemil...
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Author: SRE operation and maintenance blog
Blog address: https://www.cnsre.cn/
Article address: https://www.cnsre.cn/posts/211105852095/
Related topics: https://www.cnsre.cn/tags/kvm/
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