Detailed usage of programming language python os module
The os module provides very rich methods for handling files and directories
os about directory path
# Get current path path = os.getcwd() # Gets the current absolute path os.path.abspath(path) # Create first level directory os.mkdir(path) # remove empty directories os.rmdir(path) # Create multi-level directory os.makedirs(path) # Delete multilevel empty directory os.removedirs(path) # Modify the path to path os.chdir(path)
Include knowledge points
- rmdir path. If the directory is not empty, an OSError exception will be thrown
- Multilevel directories refer to / test/testing/test. If none of the three directories exist, they will be created
os methods for files
# Get all files and folders under the current path os.listdir(path) # Create file method 1 f = os.open(path + "test.txt", flags=os.O_CREAT | os.O_RDWR ) # write file os.write(f, bytes("123",encoding="utf-8")) # read file print(os.read(f,12)) # Close file os.close(f) # rename file os.rename(path + "test.txt", path + "tests.txt") # Delete file os.remove(path + "tests.txt") # Recursively returns the triple of directory (including path directory), subdirectory and file name under path for root, dirname, filenames in os.walk(path): logzeros.debug(root) logzeros.debug(dirname) logzeros.debug(filenames)
Include knowledge points
-
listdir returns a list. If there is no file, it returns an empty list
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os.write(fd, str) is used to write the bytes string into the file descriptor fd. Returns the length of the actually written string
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os.read(fd,n) is used to read up to n bytes from the file descriptor fd and return a string containing bytes
os.path related
os.path.realpath(__file__)
Get the directory where the current file is located
path = os.path.realpath(__file__) print(path)
Operation results
C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\os_path_learn.py
os.path.abspath(path)
Get the path where the current path is located
#Python learning exchange group: 725638078 path = os.path.abspath(".") print(path) path = os.path.abspath(os.path.realpath(__file__)) print(path)
Operation results
C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\os_path_learn.py
The first line is similar to os.getcwd()
path = os.getcwd() print(path)
Operation results
C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn
os.path.dirname(path)
Returns the path of the directory where path is located
print(os.path.dirname(r'C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\os_path_learn.py')) print(os.path.dirname(r'C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn')) # Indicates the upper level directory of the directory where the current file is located, that is, the project directory C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface print(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath('.')))
Operation results
C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface
os.path.split(path)
Separate the file name and extension, and return the binary (filename, fileextension)
# catalogue os.path.split(os.getcwd()) # file os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))
Operation results
('C:\\Users\\user\\Desktop\\py\\moocInterface', 'learn') ('C:\\Users\\user\\Desktop\\py\\moocInterface\\learn', 'os_path_learn.py')
os.path.join()
Used for path splicing. Multiple paths are combined and returned. The parameters before the first absolute path will be ignored
#Python learning exchange group: 725638078 # Splice catalog new_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "test") print(new_path) # Splice file new_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "test.txt") print(new_path) # Splice multiple directories new_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "test/test/test") print(new_path) # Splicing multiple directories and files new_path = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "test", "Test", "ok.txt") print(new_path)
Operation results
C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\test C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\test.txt C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\test/test/test C:\Users\user\Desktop\py\moocInterface\learn\test\Test\ok.txt
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Article source: https://www.cnblogs.com/xxpythonxx/p/15530754.html
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