docker basic usage

docker basic usage

What is Docker?

Docker development practice tells a story: in shipping before the 1960s, goods were placed together, which was easy to be squeezed and damaged. At the same time, the transshipment between different modes of transportation is also very troublesome, such as transshipment and unloading from wharf, train and automobile. The combination of different goods and different vehicles is a huge two-dimensional matrix. The shipping industry finally reached an agreement and formulated the international standard container to solve this thorny problem. All goods are packed into containers to isolate each other, and all vehicles are transferred through containers, which greatly provides the safety and efficiency of transportation.

We often encounter the same problems in software development. Applications using a variety of technical frameworks, from front-end static websites to back-end databases, from PHP to Java, and a variety of deployment environments, from test servers to online environments, from virtual machines to public clouds, etc. Docker, this is the container, and the docker logo is indeed a container.

Docker and container and virtual machine

Naturally, we will ask, what is the difference between docker and virtual machine? The problem can be divided into two parts. Docker is not a completely original technology, but a container technology that has existed for a long time. Therefore, the first question is the difference between container and virtual machine? Both belong to container technology. Docker's brothers and sisters include Solaris Zones, BSD jails, LXC, etc. However, docker is now so popular that it naturally has its uniqueness, so the second question is the difference between docker and other containers?

The first question is simple. Container is a lightweight virtual technology. Unlike the virtual machine, it has a complete set of CPU, memory and disk, and has absolute permissions on the operating system. Containers share the kernel with the host, all containers share the operating system, and hundreds of containers can run on a physical machine. The second problem is a little troublesome. Compared with LXC, Docker abstracts the configuration so that the running environment of applications on any platform is consistent. At the same time, it provides version control, image hosting and other modern facilities and ecosystems similar to Git.

Overall, Docker's application scenarios include:

  • Accelerate local development: quickly build the development environment and operation environment
  • Automatically package and deploy applications
  • Create a lightweight private Paas environment
  • Automated testing and continuous integration
  • Create a secure sandbox

OCI&OCF

OCI

Open container Initiative (a suggestion or advocacy for open source containers)

  • Led by the Linux foundation, it was founded in June 2015

  • It aims to develop an open industrial standard around container format and runtime

  • contains two specifications

  • the Runtime Specification(runtime-spec)

  • the Image Specification(image-spec)

OCF

The open source container format runC is a command line tool for generating and running containers according to the OCI specification

  • The container starts as a child process of runC and can be embedded in various other systems without running the daemon
  • runC is built on libcontainer, a container technology that powers the installation of millions of Docker engines

Docker provides a site dedicated to container images: https://hub.docker.com/

docker architecture

 

docker image and image warehouse

Why is the name of the image repository Registry instead of repository? In docker, the name of the warehouse is named after the name of the application.

 

The image is static, while the container is dynamic. The container has its life cycle. The relationship between the image and the container is similar to that between the program and the process. The image is similar to the program file in the file system, while the container is similar to the state in which a program runs, that is, the process. Therefore, containers can be deleted. After a container is deleted, its image will not be deleted.

docker object

When you use docker, you are creating and using images, containers, networks, volumes, plug-ins, and other objects.

  • image

    • The image is a read-only template that contains instructions for creating a docker container.
    • Typically, one image is based on another image with some additional customization.
    • You can create your own images, or you can only use images created by others and published in the registry.

  • container

    • conntainer is a runnable instance of the image. You can create, run, stop, move, or delete containers using the docker API or CLI.
    • You can connect containers to one or more networks, connect storage to containers, and even create new images based on their current state.

Installing and using docker

--------

[root@master ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@master yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo          CentOS-Linux-HighAvailability.repo
CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo             CentOS-Linux-Media.repo
CentOS-Linux-ContinuousRelease.repo  CentOS-Linux-Plus.repo
CentOS-Linux-Debuginfo.repo          CentOS-Linux-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Linux-Devel.repo              CentOS-Linux-Sources.repo
CentOS-Linux-Extras.repo             salt.repo
CentOS-Linux-FastTrack.repo
[root@master yum.repos.d]# curl -o docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  1919  100  1919    0     0   6505      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  6505
[root@master yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo          CentOS-Linux-HighAvailability.repo
CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo             CentOS-Linux-Media.repo
CentOS-Linux-ContinuousRelease.repo  CentOS-Linux-Plus.repo
CentOS-Linux-Debuginfo.repo          CentOS-Linux-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Linux-Devel.repo              CentOS-Linux-Sources.repo
CentOS-Linux-Extras.repo             docker-ce.repo
CentOS-Linux-FastTrack.repo          salt.repo
[root@master yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's@https://download.docker.com@https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce@g' docker-ce.repo
[root@master yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
26 files removed
[root@master yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
[root@master ~]# yum -y install docker-ce

[root@master ~]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
>     "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]
> }
> EOF
{
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]
}
[root@master ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]
}

[root@master ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 20.10.11
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc version: v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 7.561GiB
 Name: master
 ID: STJ5:7XDT:LWUF:OZDV:T54I:FQEF:PL6Q:NNIV:Y72B:7KH6:YQJP:TD2S
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Live Restore Enabled: false

[root@master ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@master ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 20.10.11
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc version: v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 7.561GiB
 Name: master
 ID: H7BS:C42K:OBNS:WRKG:XW42:YPXI:3O73:IAMQ:GQVV:T4QE:7CZZ:NQTK
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

[root@master ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.11
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.9
 Git commit:        dea9396
 Built:             Thu Nov 18 00:36:58 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.11
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.9
  Git commit:       847da18
  Built:            Thu Nov 18 00:35:20 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.12
  GitCommit:        7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

General operation

[root@master ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                             Official build of Nginx.                        15899     [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy               Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con...   2098                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm           Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of...   819                  [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager          Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho...   285                  
linuxserver/nginx                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS...   160                  
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp               Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp...   147                  [OK]
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager       Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        144                  [OK]
alfg/nginx-rtmp                   NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou...   110                  [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                  NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co...   79                   [OK]
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine       PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al...   60                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-ingress               NGINX and  NGINX Plus Ingress Controllers fo...   57                   
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged       Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  54                   
nginxproxy/nginx-proxy            Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con...   28                   
staticfloat/nginx-certbot         Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo...   25                   [OK]
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter   NGINX Prometheus Exporter for NGINX and NGIN...   22                   
schmunk42/nginx-redirect          A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra...   19                   [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7          Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building ...   16                   
centos/nginx-18-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n...   13                   
flashspys/nginx-static            Super Lightweight Nginx Image                   11                   [OK]
mailu/nginx                       Mailu nginx frontend                            9                    [OK]
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter         Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a...   7                    [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb   An APB to deploy NGINX                          3                    [OK]
arnau/nginx-gate                  Docker image with Nginx with Lua enabled on ...   1                    [OK]
wodby/nginx                       Generic nginx                                   1                    [OK]
centos/nginx-110-centos7          Platform for running nginx 1.10 or building ...   0  

[root@master ~]# docker pull nginx:1.20.2
1.20.2: Pulling from library/nginx
eff15d958d66: Pull complete 
1f3e1e3ef6aa: Pull complete 
231009cab23f: Pull complete 
b2ef879f0046: Pull complete 
5495a7eec709: Pull complete 
ddde57a4eac9: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:6ce65dd1f3bf44fa60a0212f0f893b78a706f20f09c884b43de50037067d9f5d
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:1.20.2
docker.io/library/nginx:1.20.2

docker images  Lists the details of the mirror
[root@master ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
nginx        1.20.2    aedf7f31bdab   2 weeks ago   141MB

docker create  Create a new container
[root@master ~]# docker create nginx
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
eff15d958d66: Already exists 
1e5351450a59: Pull complete 
2df63e6ce2be: Pull complete 
9171c7ae368c: Pull complete 
020f975acd28: Pull complete 
266f639b35ad: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:097c3a0913d7e3a5b01b6c685a60c03632fc7a2b50bc8e35bcaa3691d788226e
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
28c96de20ae344bfd23b7bbe899081891a51d38d031ee2852bf2de5870f363fb

[root@master ~]# docker create busybox sleep 3600
Unable to find image 'busybox:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/busybox
3aab638df1a9: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:52817dece4cfe26f581c834d27a8e1bcc82194f914afe6d50afad5a101234ef1
Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
a76bbe95785826e82d5d7878a7ad660124589835b5b2a08cd55d6bb7fc2a6242
[root@master ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"             7 seconds ago    Created             nostalgic_edison
28c96de20ae3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint...."   32 seconds ago   Created             dreamy_taussig
[root@master ~]# docker start a76bbe957858
a76bbe957858
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND        CREATED          STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"   51 seconds ago   Up 8 seconds             nostalgic_edison

docker ps  List containers
[root@master ~]# docker ps -a lists all containers
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"             About a minute ago   Up 39 seconds             nostalgic_edison
28c96de20ae3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint...."   About a minute ago   Created                   dreamy_taussig

docker start Start one or more stopped containers
[root@master ~]# docker start a76bbe957858
a76bbe957858
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND        CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"   3 minutes ago   Up 2 minutes             nostalgic_edison

docker restart  Restart container
[root@master ~]# docker restart a76bbe957858
a76bbe957858
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND        CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"   3 minutes ago   Up 4 seconds             nostalgic_edison

docker stop  Stop one or more running containers
[root@master ~]# docker stop a76bbe957858
a76bbe957858
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

docker kill  Kill one or more running containers
[root@master ~]# docker start a76bbe957858
a76bbe957858
[root@master ~]# docker kill a76bbe957858
a76bbe957858
[root@master ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"             6 minutes ago   Exited (137) 5 seconds ago             nostalgic_edison
28c96de20ae3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint...."   6 minutes ago   Created                                dreamy_taussig

docker run  Run the command in a new container
[root@master ~]# docker run -it busybox /bin/sh 
/ # ls
bin   dev   etc   home  proc  root  sys   tmp   usr   var

[root@master ~]# docker run -d httpd
Unable to find image 'httpd:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/httpd
eff15d958d66: Already exists 
ba1caf8ba86c: Pull complete 
ab86dc02235d: Pull complete 
0d58b11d2867: Pull complete 
e88da7cb925c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:1d71eef54c08435c0be99877c408637f03112dc9f929fba3cccdd15896099b02
Status: Downloaded newer image for httpd:latest
3bffd1458f09d041b13b75049182ebdcfc2cde2d40052cccc8b9ba945debee7a
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND              CREATED         STATUS        PORTS     NAMES
3bffd1458f09   httpd     "httpd-foreground"   3 seconds ago   Up 1 second   80/tcp    infallible_williams

docker logs  Get container log
[root@master ~]# docker logs 3bffd1458f09
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[Thu Dec 02 05:02:45.085769 2021] [mpm_event:notice] [pid 1:tid 139700460145984] AH00489: Apache/2.4.51 (Unix) configured -- resuming normal operations
[Thu Dec 02 05:02:45.085879 2021] [core:notice] [pid 1:tid 139700460145984] AH00094: Command line: 'httpd -D FOREGROUND'

docker rm  Remove one or more containers
[root@master ~]# docker rm -f 3bffd1458f09
3bffd1458f09
[root@master ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@master ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
4543fe8b6cfd   busybox   "/bin/sh"                2 minutes ago    Exited (0) 2 minutes ago               wizardly_panini
a76bbe957858   busybox   "sleep 3600"             9 minutes ago    Exited (137) 3 minutes ago             nostalgic_edison
28c96de20ae3   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint...."   10 minutes ago   Created                                dreamy_taussig

[root@master ~]# docker ps -aq
4543fe8b6cfd
a76bbe957858
28c96de20ae3
[root@master ~]# docker rm $(docker ps -aq)
4543fe8b6cfd
a76bbe957858
28c96de20ae3
[root@master ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

docker exec  Run the command in the running container

docker info  Displays system wide information
[root@master ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)

Server:
 Containers: 2
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 2
 Images: 4
 Server Version: 20.10.11
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 7b11cfaabd73bb80907dd23182b9347b4245eb5d
 runc version: v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 8
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 7.561GiB
 Name: master
 ID: H7BS:C42K:OBNS:WRKG:XW42:YPXI:3O73:IAMQ:GQVV:T4QE:7CZZ:NQTK
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

docker inspect  Return about Docker Object's low-level information
[root@master ~]# docker start 031a2f8d3141
031a2f8d3141
[root@master ~]# docker inspect 031a2f8d3141
[
    {
        "Id": "031a2f8d31413ddd5f41e636400fb14afb4d947b73fcad7b1472fe9d01b46d10",
        "Created": "2021-12-02T05:05:55.178269462Z",
        "Path": "httpd-foreground",
        "Args": [],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 104338,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2021-12-02T05:11:31.274069596Z",
            "FinishedAt": "2021-12-02T05:06:41.377032061Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:ad17c88403e2cedd27963b98be7f04bd3f903dfa7490586de397d0404424936d",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/031a2f8d31413ddd5f41e636400fb14afb4d947b73fcad7b1472fe9d01b46d10/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/031a2f8d31413ddd5f41e636400fb14afb4d947b73fcad7b1472fe9d01b46d10/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/031a2f8d31413ddd5f41e636400fb14afb4d947b73fcad7b1472fe9d01b46d10/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/031a2f8d31413ddd5f41e636400fb14afb4d947b73fcad7b1472fe9d01b46d10/031a2f8d31413ddd5f41e636400fb14afb4d947b73fcad7b1472fe9d01b46d10-json.log",
        "Name": "/festive_jones",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3d990cd615ae2906eacf0f993130a46abb6530dcb86edb5de3472dc5c51c8ddf-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7ef982c162606c0a8da3f08aec24a5f7909ca2f41a18839ce8fe2d9bc15f9ee1/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/408692bd1a12a54077884a7bb77a2fe3465a8ec0568c86b66dcecb7675ea0371/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1553511188edf9188fe93cc4293240825f85fdfc375de397e1de72cc07a150c4/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/cbb5fac7cbbdbaab7c8cabe719087b615072d6e302185bc0d4171c5b304d23e6/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/759523812ada49ebcf88d5359e4aac546962ef50b55607c0a686301954c6fc8d/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3d990cd615ae2906eacf0f993130a46abb6530dcb86edb5de3472dc5c51c8ddf/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3d990cd615ae2906eacf0f993130a46abb6530dcb86edb5de3472dc5c51c8ddf/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3d990cd615ae2906eacf0f993130a46abb6530dcb86edb5de3472dc5c51c8ddf/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "031a2f8d3141",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "80/tcp": {}
            },
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/apache2/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "HTTPD_PREFIX=/usr/local/apache2",
                "HTTPD_VERSION=2.4.51",
                "HTTPD_SHA256=20e01d81fecf077690a4439e3969a9b22a09a8d43c525356e863407741b838f4",
                "HTTPD_PATCHES="
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "httpd-foreground"
            ],
            "Image": "httpd",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "/usr/local/apache2",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {},
            "StopSignal": "SIGWINCH"
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "66c75f078b330247d433808b246bd752282a7e43138c264b0309995a5c5b9339",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {
                "80/tcp": null
            },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/66c75f078b33",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "53442821c73d2f99cfe895a1387c05c10be2cb9171517ce743f203dce3eae7d8",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "f51c0a4c804924007188ef7c5d60b42e782875cde6dc4301a6f31feb3915049c",
                    "EndpointID": "53442821c73d2f99cfe895a1387c05c10be2cb9171517ce743f203dce3eae7d8",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]
[root@master ~]# curl 172.17.0.2
<html><body><h1>It works!</h1></body></html>

Wharf acceleration

The configuration file of docker CE is / etc/docker/daemon.json, which does not exist by default. We need to create and configure it manually, and the acceleration of docker is realized by configuring this file.

There are many ways to accelerate the wharf:

  • Docker
  • Accelerator of China University of science and technology
  • Alibaba cloud accelerator (you need to register through Alibaba cloud Developer Platform and use personal intelligence accelerator for free)
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]
}
EOF

Posted on Fri, 03 Dec 2021 02:27:06 -0500 by Kookedoh

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