[original] Docker installation Lnmp environment

Docker installation Lnmp environment

Date: November 5, 2021

Original link: https://www.cnblogs.com/sochishun/p/15532133.html

One stop rapid installation process

If you encounter any problems, pull directly to the detailed explanation section at the back of the article to find the answer.

Step 1: check the host environment

Check Docker service status

docker version | docker -v | docker info | docker help # View docker version information, etc
docker-compose -v
systemctl start docker # Start docker service

Create Docker data directory

Create a dockerdata unified data directory in the root directory

mkdir -p /dockerdata/etc/{nginx/conf,php-fpm,mysql}
mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/log/{nginx,php-fpm,mysql}
mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/lib/mysql
mkdir -p /dockerdata/www/{html,backup}
mkdir -p /dockerdata/temp/

Step 2: install Nginx

Pull the image and create the container

Pull image

docker pull nginx # Pull image

Create container

docker run --name nginx80 -p 80:80 -d nginx # Run container (test)
docker exec -it nginx80 /bin/bash # Enter container management

Directory structure within the Nginx container

Main directory structure in nginx container

/usr/share/nginx/html/ # Site root
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf # nginx configuration file
/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf # nginx site profile directory
/var/log/nginx/ # Log file directory

Unified mapping directory corresponding to the host

mkdir -p /dockerdata/www/html # Create site directory
mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/log/nginx/ # Create log directory
mkdir -p /dockerdata/etc/nginx/conf/ # Create nginx configuration directory

Directory mapping for the Nginx container

The directory inside the container is mapped to the host directory outside the container

docker run --name nginx80 -p 80:80 -v /dockerdata/www/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -d nginx # Run the container and bind the directory

Full mapping command

docker run --name nginx80 -p 80:80 \
-v /dockerdata/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /dockerdata/etc/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d \
-v /dockerdata/www/html:/usr/share/nginx/html \
-v /dockerdata/var/log/nginx:/var/log/nginx \
-d nginx

test result

echo "hello nginx" > /dockerdata/www/html/index.html # Create index.html test file
curl http://localhost:80/index.html # test results

Step 3: install PHP FPM

Pull the image and create the container

Pull image

# docker pull php # By default, the latest php does not contain fpm.
docker pull php:8.0.12-fpm # PHP version number https://www.php.net/  see

Create container

docker run --name php9000 -p 9000:9000 -v /dockerdata/www/html:/var/www/html -d php:8.0.12-fpm
docker exec -it php9000 bash

Directory structure within PHP container

Main directory structure in PHP container

/var/www/html/ # Site root
/usr/local/var/log/ # Log directory
/usr/local/etc/ # PHP FPM configuration file directory

Unified mapping directory corresponding to the host

mkdir -p /dockerdata/www/{html,backup} # Create site directory
mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/log/php-fpm/ # Create log directory
mkdir -p /dockerdata/etc/php-fpm/ # Create PHP FPM configuration directory

Directory mapping for PHP containers

The directory inside the container is mapped to the host directory outside the container

docker run --name php9000 -p 9000:9000 -v /dockerdata/www/html:/var/www/html -d php:8.0.12-fpm # Run the container and bind the directory

Full mapping command

docker run --name php9000 -p 9000:9000 \
-v /dockerdata/www/html:/var/www/html \
-v /dockerdata/var/log/php-fpm:/usr/local/var/log \
-v /dockerdata/etc/php-fpm:/usr/local/etc \
-d php:8.0.12-fpm # Run the container and bind the directory

test result

echo "<?php echo 'hello php';" > /dockerdata/www/html/index.php # Create the index.php test file
docker exec php9000 bash -c "php index.php" # test result

Step 4: configure Nginx to support PHP scripts

View the IP address of the Nginx container

View the container intranet IP automatically assigned by Docker

docker inspect php9000 # The IP address found is 172.17.0.3
docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' php9000

Enter the Nginx container to modify the configuration file

Enter Nginx container

docker exec -it nginx80 bash # Container into interactive mode
nginx -t # View the directory of the configuration file (the result is / etc/nginx/nginx.conf)

Modify the contents of the Nginx configuration file

cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
cp default.conf default.conf.bak # Back up
vi default.conf # Open default profile

Modifying the Nginx web site profile

# index.php is added to the default homepage
location / {
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
}
# Uncomment the php configuration and modify the IP and directory path.
# The IP can be the external IP of the host or the IP of the Docker container. Here, the IP of the Docker container is used. Note: the intranet IP assigned by Docker may change every time the Docker service is restarted. Therefore, it is recommended to use external IP.
# The path uses the mapping path configured when the php container starts.
location ~ \.php$ {
    root           html;
    fastcgi_pass   172.17.0.3:9000;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name;
    include        fastcgi_params;
}

Restart the Nginx service

nginx -s reload

test result

curl http://localhost/index.php

Step 5: install mysql

Pull the image and create the container

Pull image

docker pull mysql

Create container

docker run --name mysql3306 -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=iPwd000000 -d mysql

Parameter description

-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: Set the environment variables in the container, root The password of the account is iPwd000000

Directory structure in MySQL container

Main directory structure in MySQL container

/usr/sbin/mysqld # mysql startup file
/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # mysqld.sock file
/etc/mysql/conf.d/ # mysql configuration file directory
/var/log/ # mysql log file directory
/var/lib/mysql/ # mysql data file directory

Unified mapping directory corresponding to the host

mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/{log/mysql,lib/mysql} # Create log directory and data directory
mkdir -p /dockerdata/etc/mysql/ # Create mysql configuration directory

Directory mapping for MySQL container

The directory inside the container is mapped to the host directory outside the container

docker run --name mysql3306 -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=iPwd000000 -d mysql

Full mapping command

docker run --name mysql3306 -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=iPwd000000 \
-v /dockerdata/etc/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /dockerdata/var/log/mysql:/var/log \
-v /dockerdata/var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql \
-d mysql # Run the container and bind the directory

Enter the container to log in to MySQL

docker exec -it mysql3306 bash
mysql -h localhost -u root -p

test result

show databases;
select `User`, `Host`, SUBSTRING(authentication_string, 1, 20) as `Password` from mysql.user;

Step 6: LNMP comprehensive test

Create the test.php file

vi /dockerdata/www/html/test.php
100dd # Delete the first 100 lines (empty the file contents)

Copy and paste the following code into the test.php file

<?php
// Note: the IP here should use the external network IP, not 127.0.0.1. Remember to open the 3306 port of the host.
$dsn = 'mysql:host=1xx.3x.2xx.2xx;port=3306';
$dbuser = 'root';
$dbpwd = 'iPwd000000';
$pdo = null;
echo 'Before connecting...', PHP_EOL;
try {
    $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $dbuser, $dbpwd);
} catch (\PDOException $ex) {
    echo 'Connect Fail: ', $ex->getMessage(), PHP_EOL;
    exit;
}
try {
    $list = $pdo->query('select `User`, `Host`, SUBSTRING(authentication_string, 1, 20) as `Password` from mysql.user;', PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    foreach ($list as $row) {
        echo $row['User'], ' | ', $row['Host'], ' | ', $row['Password'], PHP_EOL;
    }
} catch (\PDOException $ex) {
    echo 'SQL ERROR: ', $ex->getMessage(), PHP_EOL;
}
$pdo = null;

Test result failed

curl http://localhost/test.php

Prompt that the database connection fails (no driver is found) because PHP MySQL extension needs to be installed.

docker exec -it php9000 bash # Enter php container
php -m # Check the installed php extensions (is it found that there is no pdo#u MySQL)
ls /usr/local/bin # View the installation and configuration tools of the system in the container
# docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) bcmath calendar exif gettext sockets dba mysqli pcntl pdo_mysql shmop sysvmsg sysvsem sysvshm # Installation of official extensions
docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) pdo_mysql
docker restart php9000 # Restart the container, re-enter the container and execute php-m, and you can see the newly installed extension name.

The test result is successful

curl http://localhost/test.php

Reference materials

Expand knowledge

Linux general commands

cat /etc/os-release | cat /etc/debian_version # View release information
lsof -i:80 # Check whether port 80 is occupied
curl http://localhost:80 # access the web address of the local port 80
wget http://localhost:80 # download the resources of the local port 80

Docker common commands

Mirror management commands

docker images # View local mirror
docker search nginx # Find mirror
docker pull nginx # Pull image to local
docker rmi nginx # Remove mirror
docker run --name hi_nginx -p 80:80 nginx # Run mirror to container

Container management commands

docker ps # List all containers
docker run --name hi_nginx -p 80:80 nginx
docker rename hi_nginx my_nginx # Rename container
docker stop my_nginx # Stop container
docker start my_nginx # Start container
docker restart my_nginx # Restart container
docker rm my_nginx # Remove container
docker exec -it my_nginx /bin/bash # Enter the container (- it keyword must follow exec)

Mirror run command

docker run --name my_nginx -p 81:80 -v /dockerdata/www/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -d nginx
docker run --name my_php -p 9000:9000 -v /dockerdata/www/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -itd php:8.0.12-fpm

Parameter details:

--name: Specify a name for the container
-p: Add host to container port mapping (host port):Container port)
-v: Add host to container directory mapping (host directory):Container directory) (Host Directory needs to be created manually in advance)
-i: Run the container in interactive mode, usually with -t Simultaneous use
-t: Reassign an input pseudo terminal to the container, usually with -i Simultaneous use
-d: Run the container in the background and return to the container ID(Resident (background operation)
-e: Setting environment variables
-m: Sets the maximum amount of memory used by the container
--link: Add a link to another container (so that the service in another container can be used in the current container)
--expose: Open a port or group of ports
ro: Read-only rights

Configure acceleration source in container

# sed -i s@/archive.ubuntu.com/@/mirrors.aliyun.com/@g /etc/apt/sources.list # ubuntu mirror source
sed -i s@/deb.debian.org/@/mirrors.aliyun.com/@g /etc/apt/sources.list # debian image source
apt-get clean
apt-get update

Install management software in container

apt-get update # You must update before installing other software. Remember to set the domestic image source, otherwise it will be very slow
apt-get install -y vim # Install vim
apt-get install -y procps # Install ps
apt-get install -y net-tools # Install netstat
ps -ef | grep "nginx" # View nginx process status and PID by name
ps aux | grep "nginx" | greo -v grep # Check whether the nginx process is started according to the name
netstat -anop | grep 0.0.0.0:80 # View PID by port

View the start path of the process

ps -ef | grep "nginx" # View the PID of nginx process by name (the second column, the result is 1)
netstat -anop | grep 0.0.0.0:80 # Or view the PID according to the port (the result is 1/nginx)
ls -l /proc/1/exe # List the exe file information of the process (the result is / usr/sbin/nginx)

Nginx container management command

Nginx common commands

nginx -h # View the default log file and configuration file path, etc
nginx -s reload # Reload the configuration file (gracefully restart the nginx service)
nginx -s quit # Stop the service after all requests are processed (gracefully stop the nginx service)
nginx -v # display version information
nginx -V # Displays all configuration information at the time of installation
nginx -t # Detect whether the configuration file has syntax errors (you can view the configuration file directory)
# Two ways to view the profile directory
nginx -t
ps -ef | grep "nginx"
nginx -V

Nginx configuration management

nginx -h # View the directory of the configuration file
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf # View default access directory
cd /usr/share/nginx/html

Dockerdata unified data directory

Docker container to host data mapping directory.

directory structure

/dockerdata/
- etc/
  - nginx/
    - nginx.conf # nginx.conf configuration file
    - conf.d/ # nginx website configuration directory
  - php-fpm/
    - php-fpm.conf # PHP FPM configuration file
  - mysql
    - mysql.conf # mysql configuration file
- var/
  - log/
    - nginx/ # nginx log directory
    - php-fpm/ # PHP FPM log directory
    - mysql/ # mysql log directory
  - lib/
    - mysql/ # mysql database datadir directory
- www/
  - html/
  - backup/
- temp/
  - gitdata/

shell script for batch directory creation

mkdir -p /dockerdata/etc/{nginx/conf,php-fpm,mysql}
mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/log/{nginx,php-fpm,mysql}
mkdir -p /dockerdata/var/lib/mysql
mkdir -p /dockerdata/www/{html,backup}
mkdir -p /dockerdata/temp/

Posted on Tue, 09 Nov 2021 23:49:27 -0500 by persia

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