KVM virtual machine management
Components of virtual machines
1. Virtual machine configuration file
[root@youngfit qemu]# ls /etc/libvirt/qemu networks vm1.xml
2. Media for storing virtual machines
[root@youngfit qemu]# ls /var/lib/libvirt/images/ vm1.img
These can be operated graphically. What if we can't operate graphically sometimes? At this time, we need to use commands to operate pull
Basic management commands of virtual machine:
see
start-up
close
restart
Reset
View virtual machines:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh list #Only virtual machines in power on state are included Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- 2 vm1 running
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh list --all #Includes virtual machines that are not powered on Id Name State ---------------------------------------------------- 2 vm1 running
To view kvm virtual machine configuration files:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh dumpxml name # Name is the name of the virtual machine
Save the configuration file of node4 virtual machine to node6.xml, which can be ignored
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh dumpxml node4 > /etc/libvirt/qemu/node6.xml
Modify node6 configuration file: This is important
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh edit node6 If you use it directly vim If the editor modifies the configuration file, it needs to be restarted libvirtd Service or restart define Profile, with edit Modification is not required.
Start:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh start vm1 Domain vm1 started
Pause (suspend) virtual machine:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh suspend vm_name
Restore virtual machine:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh resume vm_name
close:
Method 1:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh shutdown vm1 / / normal shutdown Domain vm1 is being shutdown
Method 2:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh destroy vm1 // Force close Domain vm1 destroyed
Restart:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh reboot vm1 Domain vm1 is being reboote
Reset: it's no different from restarting
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh reset vm1 Domain vm1 was reset
Delete virtual machine:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh undefine vm2 // First, close it Domain vm2 has been undefined
Note: undefine cannot be deleted when the virtual machine is turned on, but it will be deleted directly if it is destroy ed again
Automatic startup of virtual machine after startup:
#If the virtual machine starts automatically, the services inside should be set to start automatically, otherwise it doesn't make sense
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh autostart vm1 field vm1 Mark as auto start
[root@youngfit ~]# ls /etc/libvirt/qemu/autostart / / / this directory does not exist by default. It is created automatically when there is a virtual machine to start vm1.xml
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh autostart --disable vm1 field vm1 Unmark as auto start
[root@youngfit ~]# ls /etc/libvirt/qemu/autostart/
How to view ip addresses of started virtual machines
Suppose the vm2 virtual machine is started
Method 1: find your mac address first
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh dumpxml vm2|grep mac <partition>/machine</partition> <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type> <mac address='52:54:00:cc:3e:79'/>
Filter view
[root@youngfit ~]# arp -a |grep "52:54:00:cc:3e:79" ? (192.168.122.227) at 52:54:00:cc:3e:79 [ether] on virbr0
Method 2:
[root@youngfit ~]# virsh domifaddr vm2 Name MAC address Protocol Address ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vnet1 52:54:00:d3:37:16 ipv4 192.168.122.178/24
Virtual machine add device
1. Graphic mode: this direct point-to-point mode
First, shut down the virtual machine to which you want to add hardware
Double click the virtual machine, click View at the top of the open dialog box, click Details, and click Add Hardware to select the virtual hardware to be added
2. How to modify the configuration file:
Let's add a disk to the virtual machine vm9 as an example: copy one more disk file in the configuration file and change the name
Let's add a network card to the virtual machine vm9 as an example: copy one more network card file in the configuration file and change the name
First, you need to create the disk to be added
qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/vm9-1.qcow2 5G
Create an empty disk file: Here we create a 5G disk, but when we create it, we can't see its size through ll -h. we can't see it until it is added
Modify profile
[root@youngfit qemu]# virsh edit vm9 If used vim Go in. Remember to re define
Pay attention to modifying three locations, the file name in the absolute path, changing a number randomly in the slot, and hanging the directory name
After adding, start the virtual machine
virsh start vm9
Remote connection to vm9 virtual machine
[root@vm9 ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT vda 252:0 0 5G 0 disk ├─vda1 252:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─vda2 252:2 0 4G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 3.5G 0 lvm / └─centos-swap 253:1 0 512M 0 lvm [SWAP] vdb 252:16 0 5G 0 disk
You can see our newly added disk vdb
Then you can partition normally, create a file system, and mount it
Network card: same as adding disk
<interface type='network'> <mac address='52:54:00:fc:c6:0b'/> <source network='default'/> <model type='virtio'/> <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/> </interface>
This is to modify two positions. The mac address and slot can be changed by any number
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