Test environment:
System: Youqilin 20.04 Network: 127.0.0.1 Domain name: onlylinux.cn Site root: /home/hollowman/web apache: apache2.4.41 mysql-server: mysql-server8.0 php: php7.4.3
1, Apache 2 build
1 installation
$ sudo apt-get install apache2 #install $ sudo apache2 -v #View Apache 2 version $ systemctl status apache2 #View startup status $ netstat -nltp #View port listening
2 profile introduction
1) About configuration file structureAfter ubuntu installs Apache 2, its configuration files are mainly placed in the following directory structure.
# /etc/apache2/ # |-- apache2.conf Master profile, which combines its own configuration with other profiles. # | `-- ports.conf The listening port configuration file is always included in the apache2.conf file. # |-- mods-enabled The activated module configuration directory is activated by symbolic link to the mods available directory file # | |-- *.load # | `-- *.conf # |-- conf-enabled The activated global configuration directory is activated by symbolic linking the conf available directory file # | `-- *.conf # `-- sites-enabled The activated virtual host configuration directory is activated by symbolic link to the sites available directory file # `-- *.conf2) Main configuration file apache2.conf
$ cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf | grep -v "^#" | grep -v '^$' DefaultRuntimeDir $ PidFile $ Timeout 300 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 User $ Group $ HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog $/error.log LogLevel warn IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load #Reference dynamic module configuration IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf #Reference dynamic module configuration Include ports.conf #Reference port listening file <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all denied </Directory> <Directory /usr/share> AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> AccessFileName .htaccess <FilesMatch "^\.ht"> Require all denied </FilesMatch> LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%i\" \"%i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%i\" \"%i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%i" agent IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf #Reference global common configuration IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf #Reference virtual host configuration
3 website configuration
1) Modify profile (common)
If you need to configure the virtual host, open the configuration file of the virtual host: / etc / apache2 / sites enabled / 000-default.conf for configuration, and restart the service with systemctl restart apache2.
sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName onlylinux.cn DocumentRoot /home/hollowman/web <Directory /home/hollowman/web/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> ErrorLog $/error.log CustomLog $/access.log combined </VirtualHost>
Note: to test successfully, you need to modify the / etc/hosts file and add a line of code: 127.0.0.1 onlylinux.cn
2) Activate the profile.Generally, the activated basic configuration files are included after the initial installation. Only the configuration files dynamically added later may need to be activated. Use ln -s, such as:
$ ln -s ../mods-available/ssl.conf ./mods-enabled/ssl.conf $ ln -s ../mods-available/ssl.load ./mods-enabled/ssl.load3) Assistant command
It can be managed through assistant commands such as a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2disconf and a2enconf/a2disconf. For example:
$ sudo a2enmod rewrite #Modify the AllowOverride attribute under the directory where the website is located in apache2.conf to all, and then restart apache2
2, mysql
1 installation
$ sudo apt install mysql-server
2 initialize the database
The initially installed database will have a root user by default and has no password. Initialization and password setting are required.
$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
Select the password setting rule [0,1,2] according to the prompt, enter the password that meets the rule, and select y or n according to the prompt. I disabled root remote access during initialization, and then I want to add a user and password.
3 create users for remote access
1) Enter mysql with root user$ sudo mysql -u root -p2) Create hollowman user
mysql>create user 'hollowman'@'%' identified by 'Your password'；
The function of this statement is to create a new user data in the mysql.user table, where the user name is hollowman and the plugin is caching by default_ sha2_ Password, the permission is basically N, that is, whether or not.
mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | hollowman | % | caching_sha2_password | | debian-sys-maint | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | auth_socket | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)3) Empower hollowman users
Because the newly created user permission is basically no, you need to give the user permission
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'hollowman'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
All indicates all permissions (insert,update,delete, etc.), and *. * indicates any table in any database.
4. Modify the configuration file
The MySQL service configuration file installed by Ubuntu 20.04 through apt was originally / etc/mysql/my.cnf. However, the file does not contain actual configuration data, but two connection files are added to the file, of which / etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf is the real server configuration file.
The initially installed database configuration file does not allow remote access and needs to be configured
$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf [mysqld] user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid # Remove the comments before this line socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock # Remove the comments before this line port = 3306 # Remove the comments before this line datadir = /var/lib/mysql # Remove the comments before this line #bind-address = 127.0.0.1 #Comment this line #mysqlx-bind-address = 127.0.0.1 #Comment this line key_buffer_size = 16M myisam-recover-options = BACKUP log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log max_binlog_size = 100M
3, Install PHP and important support libraries
$ sudo apt install php #Install php $ sudo apt install php7.4-gd #Install the PHP GD library, which is used by many plug-ins $ sudo apt install php7.4-mysql #Install PHP MySQL extension $ sudo apt install php-curl #Install PHP curl extension $ sudo apt install php-mbstring #Install PHP mbstring extension
So far, the Apache 2 service has been restarted and the environment has been built successfully.
4, Build a website
A simple and fast website template typecho , the effects after construction are as follows:
