The benefits of data-driven mode testing are obvious compared to those of normal mode testing.Using a data-driven model, test data can be decomposed based on business by defining variables and parameterizing them with external or custom data, avoiding the use of fixed data from previous test scripts.Test scripts can be separated from test data, allowing them to be highly reused across different data collections.It not only increases test coverage for complex condition scenarios, but also greatly reduces the writing and maintenance of test scripts.
Below you will use the data-driven mode (ddt) Library under Python to create a test of Baidu Search in data-driven mode with the unittest library.
The ddt library contains a set of classes and methods for implementing data-driven testing.Variables in the test can be parameterized.
You can download and install it from the pip command that comes with python: pip install ddt.More information about DDT can be referenced:
A simple data-driven testTo create a data-driven test, you need to use the @ddt decorator on the test class and the @data decorator on the test method.The @data decorator treats parameters as test data, which can be single values, lists, tuples, dictionaries.For lists, you need to parse tuples and lists into multiple parameters using the @unpack decorator.
Below the implementation of Baidu search test, incoming search keywords and expected results, the code is as follows:
import unittest from selenium import webdriver from ddt import ddt, data, unpack @ddt class SearchDDT(unittest.TestCase): '''docstring for SearchDDT''' def setUp(self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome() self.driver.implicitly_wait(30) self.driver.maximize_window() self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com") # specify test data using @data decorator @data(('python', 'PyPI')) @unpack def test_search(self, search_value, expected_result): search_text = self.driver.find_element_by_id('kw') search_text.clear() search_text.send_keys(search_value) search_button = self.driver.find_element_by_id('su') search_button.click() tag = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("PyPI").text self.assertEqual(expected_result, tag) def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(verbosity=2)
In test_In the search() method, search_value and expected_The result two parameters are used to receive tuple parsed data.When running the script, ddt converts the test data into a valid python identifier to generate a test method with a more meaningful name.The results are as follows:
If the required test data already exists externally, such as a text file, spreadsheet, or database, you can also use ddt to get the data directly and pass it into the test method for testing.
The ddt is implemented using external CSV (comma-separated values) files and EXCLE table data.
Getting data through CSVSame as using Resolve External CSV in the @data decorator (Testdata.csvAs test data (instead of previous test data).The data are as follows:
Next, create a get_The data () method, which includes the path (where the current path is used by default), and the CSV file name.Call the CSV library to read the file and return a row of data.Then use @ddt and @data to implement external data-driven test of Baidu search, code as follows:
import csv, unittest from selenium import webdriver from ddt import ddt, data, unpack def get_data(file_name): # create an empty list to store rows rows = [] # open the CSV file data_file = open(file_name, "r") # create a CSV Reader from CSV file reader = csv.reader(data_file) # skip the headers next(reader, None) # add rows from reader to list for row in reader: rows.append(row) return rows @ddt class SearchCSVDDT(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome() self.driver.implicitly_wait(30) self.driver.maximize_window() self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com") # get test data from specified csv file by using the get_data funcion @data(*get_data('testdata.csv')) @unpack def test_search(self, search_value, expected_result): search_text = self.driver.find_element_by_id('kw') search_text.clear() search_text.send_keys(search_value) search_button = self.driver.find_element_by_id('su') search_button.click() tag = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("PyPI").text self.assertEqual(expected_result, tag) def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(verbosity=2)
When the test executes, @data will call get_The data () method reads an external data file and returns the data row by row to @data.The result of execution is the same as above~
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Excle is often used to store test data in tests, as is the case with the @data decorator for resolving external CSV s.Testdata.csvAs test data (instead of previous test data).The data are as follows:
Next, create a get_The data () method, which includes the path (where the current path is used by default), and the EXCEL file name.Call the xlrd library to read the file and return the data.Then use @ddt and @data to implement external data-driven test of Baidu search, code as follows:
import xlrd, unittest from selenium import webdriver from ddt import ddt, data, unpack def get_data(file_name): # create an empty list to store rows rows = [] # open the CSV file book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_name) # get the frist sheet sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0) # iterate through the sheet and get data from rows in list for row_idx in range(1, sheet.nrows): #iterate 1 to maxrows rows.append(list(sheet.row_values(row_idx, 0, sheet.ncols))) return rows @ddt class SearchEXCLEDDT(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.driver = webdriver.Chrome() self.driver.implicitly_wait(30) self.driver.maximize_window() self.driver.get("https://www.baidu.com") # get test data from specified excle spreadsheet by using the get_data funcion @data(*get_data('TestData.xlsx')) @unpack def test_search(self, search_value, expected_result): search_text = self.driver.find_element_by_id('kw') search_text.clear() search_text.send_keys(search_value) search_button = self.driver.find_element_by_id('su') search_button.click() tag = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text("PyPI").text self.assertEqual(expected_result, tag) def tearDown(self): self.driver.quit() if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main(verbosity=2)
As with reading the CVS file above, @data will call get_when the test executesThe data () method reads an external data file and returns the data row by row to @data.The result of execution is the same as above~
If you want to get data from database tables, you also need a get_The data () method, and the DB-related libraries to connect to the database, SQL queries to obtain test data.
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