The difference between linux ubuntu kill instruction and kill instruction

Refer to Article 1: kill and kill -- kill processes

Refer to Article 2: how to use the kill and kill commands to stop a process

Reference article 3: using kill and kill commands to manage processes on Linux | Linux China

Kill is a tool that terminates processes running on a system based on names. Kill terminates the process based on the process ID number (PID). Kill and kill can also send specific system signals to processes.

Use kill and kill and ps to manage and end stuck or unresponsive processes. In this tutorial, replace [process name] with the name of the process you want to terminate in each example.

usage

How to use kill

The kill command takes the following form:

killall [process name]

Kill will terminate all programs that match the specified name. Kill sends a SIGTERM signal that terminates a running process that matches the specified name. You can specify different signals using the following - s option:

killall -s 9 [process name]

This sends a SIGKILL signal, and you can also specify the signal in one of the following formats:

killall -KILL [process name]
killall -SIGKILL [process name]
killall -9 [process name]

How to use kill

The kill Command terminates each process specified by its PID.

The command takes the following form:

kill [PID]

If there are no other options, kill sends SIGTERM to the specified PID and requires the application or service to shut down itself.

Multiple PIDs and standby system signals can be specified in one kill command. The following examples send SIGKILL signals to the specified PID:

kill -s KILL [PID]
kill -KILL [PID]

System signal

The kill command does not directly terminate the process. On the contrary, a signal is sent to the process. If the process receives a given signal, the process will have corresponding instructions. Further references to all available signals are provided on the man pages:

man 7 signal
Standard signals
Linux supports the standard signals listed below. Several signal numbers are architecture-dependent, as indicated in the "Value" column. Where
three values are given, the first one is usually valid for alpha and sparc, the middle one for x86, arm, and most other architectures, and the last
one for mips. (Values for parisc are not shown; see the Linux kernel source for signal numbering on that architecture.) A dash (-) denotes that a
signal is absent on the corresponding architecture.
​
First the signals described in the original POSIX.1-1990 standard.
​
Signal Value Action Comment
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
SIGHUP 1 Term Hangup detected on controlling terminal
or death of controlling process
SIGINT 2 Term Interrupt from keyboard
SIGQUIT 3 Core Quit from keyboard
SIGILL 4 Core Illegal Instruction
SIGABRT 6 Core Abort signal from abort(3)
SIGFPE 8 Core Floating-point exception
SIGKILL 9 Term Kill signal
SIGSEGV 11 Core Invalid memory reference
SIGPIPE 13 Term Broken pipe: write to pipe with no
readers; see pipe(7)
SIGALRM 14 Term Timer signal from alarm(2)
SIGTERM 15 Term Termination signal
SIGUSR1 30,10,16 Term User-defined signal 1
SIGUSR2 31,12,17 Term User-defined signal 2
SIGCHLD 20,17,18 Ign Child stopped or terminated
SIGCONT 19,18,25 Cont Continue if stopped
SIGSTOP 17,19,23 Stop Stop process
SIGTSTP 18,20,24 Stop Stop typed at terminal
SIGTTIN 21,21,26 Stop Terminal input for background process
SIGTTOU 22,22,27 Stop Terminal output for background process
​
The signals SIGKILL and SIGSTOP cannot be caught, blocked, or ignored.

Simply list all available signals without their descriptions:

kill -l
killall -l
[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# kill -l
 1) HUP
 2) INT
 3) QUIT
 4) ILL
 5) TRAP
 6) ABRT
 7) BUS
 8) FPE
 9) KILL
10) USR1
11) SEGV
12) USR2
13) PIPE
14) ALRM
15) TERM
16) STKFLT
17) CHLD
18) CONT
19) STOP
20) TSTP
21) TTIN
22) TTOU
23) URG
24) XCPU
25) XFSZ
26) VTALRM
27) PROF
28) WINCH
29) POLL
30) PWR
31) SYS
32) RTMIN
64) RTMAX

If you need to convert a signal name to a signal number, or a signal number to a signal name, use the following example:

$ kill -l 9
KILL
​
$ kill -l kill
9

Find running processes

Use utilities like htop or top to view a real-time list of processes and their consumption of system resources. (my arm linux has no htop command!!!)

Use the ps command to view the currently running process and its pid. The following example uses grep to filter the list of all processes currently running for the string mediaserver: (with or without string symbols seems to be ok...)

[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# ps -aux | grep mediaserver
root      690  0.0  0.3   6084  3040 pts/0    S    13:53   0:02 ipc-daemon --no-mediaserver
root      741  8.6 10.0 655072 87580 pts/0    Sl   13:53   4:59 mediaserver -c /oem/usr/share/mediaserver/rv1109/ipc.conf
root      996  0.0  0.0   2056   224 pts/2    S+   14:51   0:00 grep mediaserver
[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# 

The number listed in the second column on the left is PID and 690 in the mediaserver process. The grep process always matches itself for a simple search, just like the second result.

be careful
You can use the command ps auxf to view a hierarchical tree of all running processes.

After obtaining the PID or process name, use kill or kill to terminate the above process.

Another option to find the PID is pgrep.

[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# pgrep mediaserver
741

Verification process termination
Adding the - w option to the Kill Command will cause kill to wait for the process to terminate before exiting. Consider the following command:

killall -w irssi

This example sends the SIGTERM system signal to a background process whose name matches irssi. Kill will wait for the matching process to end. If no process matches the specified name, kill will return an error message:

$ killall -w irssi
irssi: no process found

But why is mine like this???

[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# killall -w mediaserver
killall: bad signal name 'w'
[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# 
[root@RV1126_RV1109:~]# killall -w irssi
killall: bad signal name 'w'

Tags: Linux Operation & Maintenance Ubuntu

Posted on Thu, 11 Nov 2021 05:58:21 -0500 by daloss